H.R. 748 — CARES Act
Official title: Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act
What the tracked text contains
Of the money itself: $1.07T across 27 tracked line-items — income security ($596.2B, 56%), community & regional development ($201.5B, 19%) and health ($132.3B, 12%) lead; 6 smaller categories carry the rest. The largest single line: $293,000,000,000 for 2020 recovery rebates to individuals ($1,200/adult, $2,400/couple, $500/child) — refundable tax credit; JCT: $142B revenue reduction + $151B outlays = $293B. Beyond the cash, the text also sets $64.5B of set-asides (already counted above), $1.40T of loan-guarantee ceilings and $225.0B of revenue & offsets (pay-fors) — disclosed beside the total, never summed into it. The dated money sits in fiscal 2020 — 14% of tracked dollars carry a year in the text.
116th Congress · Enrolled (enacted, Public Law 116-136) · Rep. Joe Courtney (D-CT) · signed into law March 27, 2020 · read the full bill text →
Where the money goes
$1.07T across 27 tracked items · compare against another law →The largest verified line-items. This pie breaks down the biggest spending items in the bill — appropriations and mandatory (direct) spending — by category. Every dollar is quoted from the text; click any slice to read them. It is not necessarily every dollar in the bill, and the gaps are not always small ones — where an account was left out, How this was built at the foot of this page says so and why, and a large omission can change which category ranks first. Figures that aren’t spending — authorizations, guarantee ceilings, pay-fors, and carve-outs already counted — are deliberately left out and disclosed below.
The money map
blocks sized by dollars — open one for the law’s own wordsArea is dollars. Each block is one category of tracked spending in H.R. 748, sized by its share of the $1.07T this page tracks. Open a block and it lists the line-items inside it, each with the passage of the enacted text that carries the dollar figure, quoted word for word, and the section it sits in. Category names are the extraction’s own labels, printed as they come — nothing here calls a category worthwhile or wasteful. The quote is the argument.
This map divides the same tracked total the pie above divides — money the text writes as exact dollar lines. It is not the bill’s total fiscal effect: what the extraction leaves out is stated above the pie and in How this was built at the foot of this page, and the dollars deliberately kept out of the count are listed under the map.
2 of the 9 blocks are too small to carry a label without overprinting themselves, so they are drawn blank — every category is named, with its figures, in the rows and the table below.
income security$596.2B
$596,234,000,000 · 56% of the $1,070,818,100,000 this page tracks · 8 tracked line-items, largest first
- 2020 recovery rebates to individuals ($1,200/adult, $2,400/couple, $500/child) — refundable tax credit; JCT: $142B revenue reduction + $151B outlays = $293B$293,000,000,000→ U.S. households
“…JCT estimates that the provision will reduce revenues by $142 billion and increase outlays by $151 billion over the 2020-2021 period…”
Division A — Title II, Subtitle B; Sec. 2201 — 2020 recovery rebates for individuals (CBO/JCT preliminary cost estimate for H.R. 748, Apr 16 2020) - Expanded unemployment insurance — $600/week FPUC, PUA, and PEUC; CBO: $263B outlays + ~$5B revenue effect = ~$268B deficit effect$268,000,000,000→ Unemployed workers via State agencies
“…outlays for unemployment insurance will increase by a total of $263 billion in 2020 and 2021 as a result of these provisions…”
Division A — Title II, Subtitle A (Relief for Workers Affected by Coronavirus); Secs. 2102-2107 (CBO/JCT preliminary cost estimate for H.R. 748) - Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) — additional funding$15,810,000,000→ Department of Agriculture
“…$15,810,000,000, to remain available until September 30, 2021, to prevent, prepare for, and…”
Division B — Title I; Department of Agriculture; Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program - Child Nutrition Programs — additional funding$8,800,000,000→ Department of Agriculture
“…$8,800,000,000 to remain available until September 30, 2021, to prevent, prepare for, and…”
Division B — Title I; Department of Agriculture; Food and Nutrition Service; Child Nutrition Programs - Homeless Assistance Grants — Emergency Solutions Grants$4,000,000,000→ Department of Housing and Urban Development
“…$4,000,000,000, to remain available until September 30, 2022, to prevent, prepare for, and…”
Division B — Title XII; HUD; Homeless Assistance Grants - Child Care and Development Block Grant — payments to States$3,500,000,000→ Dept. of Health and Human Services
“…$3,500,000,000, to remain available through September 30, 2021, to prevent, prepare for, and…”
Division B — Title VIII; HHS; Payments to States for the Child Care and Development Block Grant - Children and Families Services Programs — Head Start and family services$1,874,000,000→ Dept. of Health and Human Services
“…$1,874,000,000, to remain available through September 30, 2021, to prevent, prepare for, and…”
Division B — Title VIII; HHS; Administration for Children and Families; Children and Families Services Programs - Tenant-Based Rental Assistance (Housing Choice Vouchers)$1,250,000,000→ Department of Housing and Urban Development
“…$1,250,000,000, to remain available until expended, to prevent, prepare for, and respond to…”
Division B — Title XII; HUD; Tenant-Based Rental Assistance
These same line-items appear in the full cited ledger lower on this page, where each one also carries the fiscal year the text gives it, when it gives one.
community & regional development$201.5B
$201,500,000,000 · 19% of the $1,070,818,100,000 this page tracks · 4 tracked line-items, largest first
- Coronavirus Relief Fund — direct payments to States, Tribal governments, and local governments$150,000,000,000→ States, Tribal, and local governments
“…$150,000,000,000 for fiscal year 2020. (2)Reservation of fundsOf the amount appropriated under paragraph…”
Title V — Coronavirus Relief Funds; Sec. 5001 (adds Sec. 601 to the Social Security Act); subsec. (a)(1) - Disaster Relief Fund — FEMA COVID-19 response (incl. funeral assistance)$45,000,000,000→ Federal Emergency Management Agency
“…$45,000,000,000, to remain available until expended: Provided, That of the amount provided under…”
Division B — Title V; Federal Emergency Management Agency; Disaster Relief Fund - Community Development Fund (CDBG) — grants to States and localities$5,000,000,000→ Department of Housing and Urban Development
“…$5,000,000,000, to remain available until September 30, 2022, to prevent, prepare for, and…”
Division B — Title XII; HUD; Community Development Fund - Economic Development Assistance Programs — regional economic recovery grants$1,500,000,000→ Economic Development Administration (Dept. of Commerce)
“…$1,500,000,000, to remain available until September 30, 2022, to prevent, prepare for, and…”
Division B — Title II; Department of Commerce; EDA; Economic Development Assistance Programs
These same line-items appear in the full cited ledger lower on this page, where each one also carries the fiscal year the text gives it, when it gives one.
health$132.3B
$132,346,500,000 · 12% of the $1,070,818,100,000 this page tracks · 4 tracked line-items, largest first
- Public Health and Social Services Emergency Fund — provider relief payments to hospitals and health care providers$100,000,000,000→ Dept. of Health and Human Services
“…$100,000,000,000, to remain available until expended, to prevent, prepare for, and respond to…”
Division B — Title VIII; HHS; Public Health and Social Services Emergency Fund (provider relief) - PHSSEF — vaccines, therapeutics, diagnostics, BARDA, and the Strategic National Stockpile$27,014,500,000→ Dept. of Health and Human Services
“…$27,014,500,000, to remain available until September 30, 2024, to prevent, prepare for, and…”
Division B — Title VIII; HHS; Office of the Secretary; Public Health and Social Services Emergency Fund - CDC-Wide Activities and Program Support — surveillance, labs, grants to States$4,300,000,000→ Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
“…$4,300,000,000, to remain available until September 30, 2024, to prevent, prepare for, and…”
Division B — Title VIII; HHS; CDC; CDC-Wide Activities and Program Support - Indian Health Services — COVID-19 response$1,032,000,000→ Indian Health Service
“…$1,032,000,000, to remain available until September 30, 2021, to prevent, prepare for, and…”
Division B — Title VII; Department of the Interior; Indian Health Service; Indian Health Services
These same line-items appear in the full cited ledger lower on this page, where each one also carries the fiscal year the text gives it, when it gives one.
transportation$67.0B
$67,000,000,000 · 6% of the $1,070,818,100,000 this page tracks · 3 tracked line-items, largest first
- Air Carrier Worker Support — Payroll Support Program grants for airline and contractor wages$32,000,000,000→ Department of the Treasury
“…$32,000,000,000 to carry out this subtitle. VCoronavirus relief funds 5001.Coronavirus Relief Fund (a)In…”
Title IV — Subtitle B (Air Carrier Worker Support); Sec. 4120 — Direct appropriation - Transit Infrastructure Grants — FTA operating and capital assistance$25,000,000,000→ Federal Transit Administration
“…$25,000,000,000, to remain available until expended, to prevent, prepare for, and respond to…”
Division B — Title XII; Department of Transportation; Federal Transit Administration; Transit Infrastructure Grants - Grants-in-Aid for Airports — relief to airport sponsors$10,000,000,000→ Federal Aviation Administration
“…$10,000,000,000, to prevent, prepare for, and respond to coronavirus, to remain available until…”
Division B — Title XII; Department of Transportation; FAA; Grants-in-Aid for Airports
These same line-items appear in the full cited ledger lower on this page, where each one also carries the fiscal year the text gives it, when it gives one.
education$30.8B
$30,750,000,000 · 3% of the $1,070,818,100,000 this page tracks · 1 tracked line-item, largest first
- Education Stabilization Fund — K-12 (ESSER), higher education (HEERF), and Governors' Emergency Education Relief$30,750,000,000→ Department of Education
“…$30,750,000,000, to remain available through September 30, 2021, to prevent, prepare for, and…”
Division B — Title VIII; Department of Education; Education Stabilization Fund
These same line-items appear in the full cited ledger lower on this page, where each one also carries the fiscal year the text gives it, when it gives one.
veterans$18.7B
$18,682,000,000 · 2% of the $1,070,818,100,000 this page tracks · 3 tracked line-items, largest first
- Veterans Health Administration — Medical Services$14,432,000,000→ Department of Veterans Affairs
“…$14,432,000,000, to remain available until September 30, 2021, to prevent, prepare for, and…”
Division B — Title X; Department of Veterans Affairs; Veterans Health Administration; Medical Services - Veterans Affairs — Information Technology Systems$2,150,000,000→ Department of Veterans Affairs
“…$2,150,000,000, to remain available until September 30, 2021, to prevent, prepare for, and…”
Division B — Title X; Department of Veterans Affairs; Information Technology Systems - Veterans Health Administration — Medical Community Care$2,100,000,000→ Department of Veterans Affairs
“…$2,100,000,000, to remain available until September 30, 2021, to prevent, prepare for, and…”
Division B — Title X; Department of Veterans Affairs; Medical Community Care
These same line-items appear in the full cited ledger lower on this page, where each one also carries the fiscal year the text gives it, when it gives one.
commerce & housing credit$10.0B
$10,000,000,000 · 1% of the $1,070,818,100,000 this page tracks · 1 tracked line-item, largest first
- Emergency EIDL Grants — advance payments to small businesses (Sec. 1110)$10,000,000,000→ Small Business Administration
“…$10,000,000,000 under the heading Small Business Administration—Emergency EIDL Grants shall be for carrying…”
Division A — Title I appropriations; Small Business Administration—Emergency EIDL Grants
These same line-items appear in the full cited ledger lower on this page, where each one also carries the fiscal year the text gives it, when it gives one.
agriculture$9.5B
$9,500,000,000 · 1% of the $1,070,818,100,000 this page tracks · 1 tracked line-item, largest first
- Office of the Secretary — support for agricultural producers, growers, and processors$9,500,000,000→ Department of Agriculture
“…$9,500,000,000, to remain available until expended, to prevent, prepare for, and respond to…”
Division B — Title I; Department of Agriculture; Agricultural Programs; Office of the Secretary
These same line-items appear in the full cited ledger lower on this page, where each one also carries the fiscal year the text gives it, when it gives one.
national defense$4.8B
$4,805,600,000 · 0.4% of the $1,070,818,100,000 this page tracks · 2 tracked line-items, largest first
- Defense Health Program — COVID-19 response$3,805,600,000→ Department of Defense
“…$3,805,600,000, of which $3,390,600,000 shall be for operation and maintenance, and $415,000,000 shall…”
Division B — Title III; Department of Defense; Defense Health Program - Defense Production Act Purchases — medical supplies and equipment$1,000,000,000→ Department of Defense
“…$1,000,000,000, to remain available until expended, to prevent, prepare for, and respond to…”
Division B — Title III; Department of Defense; Procurement; Defense Production Act Purchases
These same line-items appear in the full cited ledger lower on this page, where each one also carries the fiscal year the text gives it, when it gives one.
- Set-asides (already counted above) · 4 tracked items$64.5B
- Loan-guarantee ceilings · 4 tracked items$1.40T
- Revenue & offsets (pay-fors) · 2 tracked items$225.0B
None of these are added to the map. They are ceilings, borrowing limits, carve-outs of dollars already counted inside a block above, or pay-fors — summing them into the map would count the same money twice and draw permission to spend as spending. Each is itemized further down this page.
| Category | Tracked dollars | Share of $1,070,818,100,000 | Line-items |
|---|---|---|---|
| income security | $596,234,000,000 | 56% | 8 |
| community & regional development | $201,500,000,000 | 19% | 4 |
| health | $132,346,500,000 | 12% | 4 |
| transportation | $67,000,000,000 | 6% | 3 |
| education | $30,750,000,000 | 3% | 1 |
| veterans | $18,682,000,000 | 2% | 3 |
| commerce & housing credit | $10,000,000,000 | 1% | 1 |
| agriculture | $9,500,000,000 | 1% | 1 |
| national defense | $4,805,600,000 | 0.4% | 2 |
| Tracked total | $1,070,818,100,000 | 100% | 27 |
What’s in this bill
every mechanism we could extract, at one scaleA law can move money four different ways, and only one of them is cash. This compares what H.R. 748 actually spends against what it authorizes, caps, guarantees or pays for. Every bar is a sample. Each one sums the tracked line-items in that mechanism — the largest figures that appear in the text as an exact dollar string — so a bar is a floor, not a mechanism total, and on some laws it is a small fraction of one. Each bar carries its item count and, where the items carry years, the span it covers and where those years came from.
These bars are not added together. Only the top bar is money leaving the Treasury. The rest are ceilings, borrowing limits, carve-outs of money already counted above, or pay-fors — summing them would count the same dollars twice and treat permission to spend as spending. How this was built says what each extraction left out.
What CBO says it does to the deficit
verified estimate, quoted with its basisNo verified CBO estimate is on file for this bill yet — the gap is stated here rather than filled from memory or news coverage.
The terms on this page, in plain English
What these things actually are — and what this bill does to each of them. Written for readers, not staffers; every figure in the “in this bill” lines appears elsewhere on this page.
Mandatory vs. discretionary spending
Discretionary money must be re-approved every year in appropriations bills — if Congress does nothing, it stops. Mandatory (also called direct) spending is written into permanent law and flows automatically until Congress changes the law itself. Benefit programs mostly work the mandatory way, which is why they don't show up in the yearly funding fights.
Loan-guarantee ceiling
The government co-signing loans, not spending money. The figure caps how much new lending the government may promise to stand behind; cash leaves the Treasury only if borrowers default. These ceilings can dwarf a bill's actual spending — which is exactly why they are shown separately and never summed into it.
Rescission
Taking back money Congress previously provided that hasn't been spent yet. It reduces spending on paper; how much it saves in practice depends on whether the money was ever going out the door.
Set-aside (carve-out)
A floor inside money already counted: “of the amounts above, at least $X shall go to Y.” It steers the money rather than adding to it — counting a carve-out again would double-count — so it is disclosed beside the total, never summed into it.
SNAP (food stamps)
Monthly grocery money on a debit card for low-income households. It is an entitlement: everyone who qualifies and applies receives it, and the appropriation has to cover whoever shows up — so the figure moves with the economy, not with a policy choice in this bill.
Housing Choice Vouchers (Section 8)
Rent help for low-income tenants: the household pays roughly a third of its income, the voucher covers the rest up to a local cap. Unlike SNAP it is not an entitlement — when the year's money runs out, waiting lists grow. That is why this annual number decides how many families are actually helped.
When the money is for
fiscal years the tracked line-items carry1 of 27 tracked line-items carries a fiscal year in its own quoted text — 14% of the tracked dollars. The no year column is money the text appropriates without naming a year in the quoted passage; it is shown so the dated columns aren’t mistaken for the whole schedule.
How they voted
| For | Against | Abstained | Did not vote | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Senate | 65 96% | — | — | 3 4% | 68 |
| Democrats | 31 100% | — | — | — | 31 |
| Republicans | 32 91% | — | — | 3 9% | 35 |
| Independents | 2 100% | — | — | — | 2 |
The House recorded no individual positions. The House agreed to the Senate amendment by voice vote on 2020-03-27; no individual House positions were recorded on the enacted text.
“Did not vote” is not the same as “absent.” The record distinguishes Present — there, and formally declining to take a side — from Not Voting, where no vote was cast. That is usually absence, but the roll call does not say so, so this table does not either.
Did not vote (3): John Thune (R-SD), Mike Lee (R-UT), Rand Paul (R-KY).
A member is recorded as not voting for many ordinary reasons — illness, a death in the family, official travel, or a paired vote arranged with a colleague on the other side. The roll call gives no reason, so neither does this page, and nothing here is counted against anyone’s grade. This site tracks a small number of major bills, so a single absence is a large share of what is shown here and a very small share of the hundreds of votes a member actually casts.
These tallies count the 68 members sitting today who have a recorded position, not the historical result. Several of these bills passed in earlier Congresses, and members who have since left are not in the roster — so the totals here are smaller than the 435 + 100 that voted at the time. Only the Senate held a recorded vote on this law, so every position above is from that roll call — including members who sit in the other chamber today. They are counted where they voted, not where they sit.
Set-asides (already counted above) — $64.5B
A carve-out or reservation WITHIN a larger line-item already in the pie (e.g. a share of a fund reserved for a specific use). Shown for detail but NOT summed in — its dollars are part of the parent, and counting both would double-count.
- Carve-out of the $32B Payroll Support Program reserved for passenger air carriers (NOT additive)$25.0B
- Carve-out of the $27.0B PHSSEF reserved for the Strategic National Stockpile (NOT additive)$16.0B
- Carve-out of the $15.81B SNAP appropriation placed in a contingency reserve (NOT additive)$15.5B
- Carve-out of the $150B Coronavirus Relief Fund reserved for Tribal governments (NOT additive)$8.0B
Loan-guarantee ceilings — $1.40T
Caps on NEW loan or mortgage-backed-security guarantee commitments. No cash is spent — the government only backstops private lending — so these are excluded from the pie entirely.
- Treasury exchange-stabilization lending facility — loans, loan guarantees, and investments (aggregate ceiling)$500.0B
- Loans, loan guarantees, and investments to backstop Federal Reserve emergency lending facilities (within the $500B ceiling)$454.0B
- Paycheck Protection Program — maximum SBA 7(a) loan-guarantee commitment authority (100% guaranteed, forgivable)$349.0B
- SBA 7(a) secondary-market trust-certificate guarantee ceiling$100.0B
Revenue & offsets (pay-fors) — $225.0B
Tax changes, rescissions and other provisions that RAISE or save money rather than spend it. Not spending — disclosed so the law’s cost is not overstated by ignoring how it was paid for.
- Modification of limitation on excess business losses of noncorporate taxpayers (Sec. 2304) — JCT: $170B revenue reduction over 2020-2030. The related NOL-carryback change (Sec. 2303) is scored separately by CBO and is NOT summed here (this document gives only its 2020-2021 vs 2022-2023 split, not a single 10-year figure, so no combined number is asserted). Revenue/offset — excluded from the pie.$170.0B
- Employee Retention Credit — refundable payroll-tax credit for affected employers; JCT: $55B revenue reduction + $3B outlays (net deficit effect ~$58B). Tagged by its $55B revenue reduction; revenue/offset — excluded from the pie.$55.0B
Every tracked dollar, cited
27 spending line-items · 1 carries a fiscal yearincome security$596.2B · 56%
- 2020 recovery rebates to individuals ($1,200/adult, $2,400/couple, $500/child) — refundable tax credit; JCT: $142B revenue reduction + $151B outlays = $293B$293,000,000,000→ U.S. households
“…JCT estimates that the provision will reduce revenues by $142 billion and increase outlays by $151 billion over the 2020-2021 period…”
Division A — Title II, Subtitle B; Sec. 2201 — 2020 recovery rebates for individuals (CBO/JCT preliminary cost estimate for H.R. 748, Apr 16 2020) - Expanded unemployment insurance — $600/week FPUC, PUA, and PEUC; CBO: $263B outlays + ~$5B revenue effect = ~$268B deficit effect$268,000,000,000→ Unemployed workers via State agencies
“…outlays for unemployment insurance will increase by a total of $263 billion in 2020 and 2021 as a result of these provisions…”
Division A — Title II, Subtitle A (Relief for Workers Affected by Coronavirus); Secs. 2102-2107 (CBO/JCT preliminary cost estimate for H.R. 748) - Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) — additional funding$15,810,000,000available until FY2021→ Department of Agriculture
“…$15,810,000,000, to remain available until September 30, 2021, to prevent, prepare for, and…”
Division B — Title I; Department of Agriculture; Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program - Child Nutrition Programs — additional funding$8,800,000,000available until FY2021→ Department of Agriculture
“…$8,800,000,000 to remain available until September 30, 2021, to prevent, prepare for, and…”
Division B — Title I; Department of Agriculture; Food and Nutrition Service; Child Nutrition Programs - Homeless Assistance Grants — Emergency Solutions Grants$4,000,000,000available until FY2022→ Department of Housing and Urban Development
“…$4,000,000,000, to remain available until September 30, 2022, to prevent, prepare for, and…”
Division B — Title XII; HUD; Homeless Assistance Grants - Child Care and Development Block Grant — payments to States$3,500,000,000→ Dept. of Health and Human Services
“…$3,500,000,000, to remain available through September 30, 2021, to prevent, prepare for, and…”
Division B — Title VIII; HHS; Payments to States for the Child Care and Development Block Grant - Children and Families Services Programs — Head Start and family services$1,874,000,000→ Dept. of Health and Human Services
“…$1,874,000,000, to remain available through September 30, 2021, to prevent, prepare for, and…”
Division B — Title VIII; HHS; Administration for Children and Families; Children and Families Services Programs - Tenant-Based Rental Assistance (Housing Choice Vouchers)$1,250,000,000available until expended→ Department of Housing and Urban Development
“…$1,250,000,000, to remain available until expended, to prevent, prepare for, and respond to…”
Division B — Title XII; HUD; Tenant-Based Rental Assistance
community & regional development$201.5B · 19%
- Coronavirus Relief Fund — direct payments to States, Tribal governments, and local governments$150,000,000,000FY2020→ States, Tribal, and local governments
“…$150,000,000,000 for fiscal year 2020. (2)Reservation of fundsOf the amount appropriated under paragraph…”
Title V — Coronavirus Relief Funds; Sec. 5001 (adds Sec. 601 to the Social Security Act); subsec. (a)(1) - Disaster Relief Fund — FEMA COVID-19 response (incl. funeral assistance)$45,000,000,000available until expended→ Federal Emergency Management Agency
“…$45,000,000,000, to remain available until expended: Provided, That of the amount provided under…”
Division B — Title V; Federal Emergency Management Agency; Disaster Relief Fund - Community Development Fund (CDBG) — grants to States and localities$5,000,000,000available until FY2022→ Department of Housing and Urban Development
“…$5,000,000,000, to remain available until September 30, 2022, to prevent, prepare for, and…”
Division B — Title XII; HUD; Community Development Fund - Economic Development Assistance Programs — regional economic recovery grants$1,500,000,000available until FY2022→ Economic Development Administration (Dept. of Commerce)
“…$1,500,000,000, to remain available until September 30, 2022, to prevent, prepare for, and…”
Division B — Title II; Department of Commerce; EDA; Economic Development Assistance Programs
health$132.3B · 12%
- Public Health and Social Services Emergency Fund — provider relief payments to hospitals and health care providers$100,000,000,000available until expended→ Dept. of Health and Human Services
“…$100,000,000,000, to remain available until expended, to prevent, prepare for, and respond to…”
Division B — Title VIII; HHS; Public Health and Social Services Emergency Fund (provider relief) - PHSSEF — vaccines, therapeutics, diagnostics, BARDA, and the Strategic National Stockpile$27,014,500,000available until FY2024→ Dept. of Health and Human Services
“…$27,014,500,000, to remain available until September 30, 2024, to prevent, prepare for, and…”
Division B — Title VIII; HHS; Office of the Secretary; Public Health and Social Services Emergency Fund - CDC-Wide Activities and Program Support — surveillance, labs, grants to States$4,300,000,000available until FY2024→ Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
“…$4,300,000,000, to remain available until September 30, 2024, to prevent, prepare for, and…”
Division B — Title VIII; HHS; CDC; CDC-Wide Activities and Program Support - Indian Health Services — COVID-19 response$1,032,000,000available until FY2021→ Indian Health Service
“…$1,032,000,000, to remain available until September 30, 2021, to prevent, prepare for, and…”
Division B — Title VII; Department of the Interior; Indian Health Service; Indian Health Services
transportation$67.0B · 6%
- Air Carrier Worker Support — Payroll Support Program grants for airline and contractor wages$32,000,000,000→ Department of the Treasury
“…$32,000,000,000 to carry out this subtitle. VCoronavirus relief funds 5001.Coronavirus Relief Fund (a)In…”
Title IV — Subtitle B (Air Carrier Worker Support); Sec. 4120 — Direct appropriation - Transit Infrastructure Grants — FTA operating and capital assistance$25,000,000,000available until expended→ Federal Transit Administration
“…$25,000,000,000, to remain available until expended, to prevent, prepare for, and respond to…”
Division B — Title XII; Department of Transportation; Federal Transit Administration; Transit Infrastructure Grants - Grants-in-Aid for Airports — relief to airport sponsors$10,000,000,000→ Federal Aviation Administration
“…$10,000,000,000, to prevent, prepare for, and respond to coronavirus, to remain available until…”
Division B — Title XII; Department of Transportation; FAA; Grants-in-Aid for Airports
education$30.8B · 3%
- Education Stabilization Fund — K-12 (ESSER), higher education (HEERF), and Governors' Emergency Education Relief$30,750,000,000→ Department of Education
“…$30,750,000,000, to remain available through September 30, 2021, to prevent, prepare for, and…”
Division B — Title VIII; Department of Education; Education Stabilization Fund
veterans$18.7B · 2%
- Veterans Health Administration — Medical Services$14,432,000,000available until FY2021→ Department of Veterans Affairs
“…$14,432,000,000, to remain available until September 30, 2021, to prevent, prepare for, and…”
Division B — Title X; Department of Veterans Affairs; Veterans Health Administration; Medical Services - Veterans Affairs — Information Technology Systems$2,150,000,000available until FY2021→ Department of Veterans Affairs
“…$2,150,000,000, to remain available until September 30, 2021, to prevent, prepare for, and…”
Division B — Title X; Department of Veterans Affairs; Information Technology Systems - Veterans Health Administration — Medical Community Care$2,100,000,000available until FY2021→ Department of Veterans Affairs
“…$2,100,000,000, to remain available until September 30, 2021, to prevent, prepare for, and…”
Division B — Title X; Department of Veterans Affairs; Medical Community Care
commerce & housing credit$10.0B · 1%
- Emergency EIDL Grants — advance payments to small businesses (Sec. 1110)$10,000,000,000→ Small Business Administration
“…$10,000,000,000 under the heading Small Business Administration—Emergency EIDL Grants shall be for carrying…”
Division A — Title I appropriations; Small Business Administration—Emergency EIDL Grants
agriculture$9.5B · 1%
- Office of the Secretary — support for agricultural producers, growers, and processors$9,500,000,000available until expended→ Department of Agriculture
“…$9,500,000,000, to remain available until expended, to prevent, prepare for, and respond to…”
Division B — Title I; Department of Agriculture; Agricultural Programs; Office of the Secretary
national defense$4.8B · 0.4%
- Defense Health Program — COVID-19 response$3,805,600,000→ Department of Defense
“…$3,805,600,000, of which $3,390,600,000 shall be for operation and maintenance, and $415,000,000 shall…”
Division B — Title III; Department of Defense; Defense Health Program - Defense Production Act Purchases — medical supplies and equipment$1,000,000,000available until expended→ Department of Defense
“…$1,000,000,000, to remain available until expended, to prevent, prepare for, and respond to…”
Division B — Title III; Department of Defense; Procurement; Defense Production Act Purchases
How this was built
Fetched the enrolled XML with python3 requests; extracted faithful text via ElementTree itertext join. Located each 'For an additional amount for ...' Division B account line and each Division A / Title IV / Title V statutory appropriation, then re-verified every dollar string and <=15-word quote as an exact substring of that text. The recovery-rebate, expanded-UI, employee-retention-credit, and loss-limitation figures are NOT '$X for Y' lines in the operative text; they are taken from the nonpartisan CBO/JCT preliminary cost estimate for H.R. 748 (cbo.gov/publication/56334; PDF cbo.gov/system/files/2020-04/hr748.pdf), and each such figure was re-located as an exact substring of that PDF's extracted text (see cbo_verification). 33 of 33 sampled figures were re-located as exact strings in the source text — a sample, not a coverage rate: 37 figures are published on this page and 4 of them carry no individual machine receipt. Source: GovInfo enrolled bill text (BILLS-116hr748enr); direct-spending and tax figures from the CBO/JCT preliminary cost estimate for H.R. 748 (Apr 16 2020), cbo.gov/publication/56334. Full bill text.
Extraction notes (technical)
CARES is the largest spending law in U.S. history (~$2.2T of assistance). CBO/JCT scored its total deficit effect at about $1.8 trillion over 2020-2030 ($988B mandatory outlays, $326B discretionary outlays, $446B revenue reduction); the gap below $2.2T is because much of the assistance is loan guarantees that spend no net cash. MECHANISM CALLS (the point of this site): (1) LENDING CEILINGS, NOT appropriations of cash -- the $500B Treasury Exchange Stabilization Fund facility (Sec. 4003(a); of which up to $454B backstops Federal Reserve lending facilities, which CBO scores at ~$0 net deficit effect) and the $349B Paycheck Protection Program (Sec. 1102, a 100% SBA loan-guarantee commitment ceiling) are tagged loan_guarantee_ceiling and EXCLUDED from the pie. Counting the $349B PPP + $500B facility as appropriations would overstate the law by ~$850B -- exactly the error this methodology exists to prevent. (CBO separately scores the eventual budgetary COST of PPP loan forgiveness at ~$377B of direct spending, and Division A does appropriate $349B for the PPP credit-subsidy cost; we still classify the operative line as a loan-guarantee ceiling per the operative-verb rule and disclose the forgiveness score here rather than summing it.) (2) DIRECT SPENDING from the CBO score, IN the pie: the 2020 recovery rebates (~$293B; JCT $142B revenue + $151B outlays) and the expanded unemployment insurance -- $600/week FPUC ($176B in CY2020 alone), PUA ($35B), and PEUC ($51B), ~$268B total. These are refundable-credit / formula provisions with no '$X for Y' line in the operative text, so their figures come from CBO, not the bill. (3) REVENUE/OFFSET, NOT spending: the Employee Retention Credit ($55B revenue reduction + $3B outlays per JCT) and the excess-business-loss limitation change (Sec. 2304, $170B revenue reduction per JCT; the Sec. 2303 NOL carryback is scored separately and NOT summed) are tagged revenue_or_offset and excluded from the pie. (4) APPROPRIATIONS from the bill text, IN the pie: the $150B Coronavirus Relief Fund to States/Tribes/localities (Sec. 5001), the $100B provider-relief PHSSEF, the $32B airline Payroll Support Program grants, plus ~$150B of Division B emergency supplemental appropriations (Education Stabilization $30.75B, PHSSEF vaccines $27.0B, FEMA DRF $45B, Transit $25B, SNAP $15.81B, VA medical $14.4B, airports $10B, and more). (5) SET-ASIDES (disclosed, NOT summed): $25B passenger-carrier share of the $32B PSP, $16B Strategic National Stockpile share of the $27.0B PHSSEF, $15.51B SNAP contingency reserve within the $15.81B SNAP line, and $8B Tribal share of the $150B Relief Fund. appropriated_total sums ONLY the appropriation + direct_spending lines (non-overlapping); it is a tracked FLOOR of the largest items, not CARES's complete account-by-account total. PROCEDURE: the House passed the CARES Act by VOICE VOTE on March 27, 2020 (no recorded House roll call to join to members on the House side; the Senate passed it 96-0).
How this lands in a state
two layers, in order: reported, shownPick a state and this section gives you two different things, and keeps them apart. First, what the government itself reports — obligations Treasury tags to this law, where such a tag exists. Second, the state’s own numbers — the same rows an assessment would be given, with their sources and vintages, so you can check this page against the record behind it. Every state is treated identically.
1. What the government reports
no official per-state breakdown exists for this lawNo official source breaks H.R. 748 down by state, so this page publishes no per-state dollar figure for it. No Disaster Emergency Fund Code maps to this law, so no reported obligation can be traced back to it. Without that tag there is no audit trail from an award to this bill, and any per-state figure would be modelled rather than derived.
Two of the 31 laws tracked on this site can be broken down honestly — the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act and the American Rescue Plan Act — because Treasury tags their money with a Disaster Emergency Fund Code that maps to one public law and no other. Where no such code exists, a per-state figure would be modelled rather than derived, and this site does not publish modelled numbers.
The route we refuse to take, and why (technical)
USAspending's award SEARCH endpoints accept the same def_codes filter but select AWARDS, not DOLLARS: they return an award's entire obligation if any part of it touched the law's money. That route reported a single Sandia National Laboratories contract as $42.8B of IIJA money in New Mexico against a true DEFC-apportioned $64.5M, and overstated ARPA nationally by about 80%. It is not used here and must not be.
2. The assessment
nothing staged into this buildNo assessments were staged into this build. This layer reads precomputed readings out of the page, and this build carries none, so there is nothing here for any state — a gap in the build rather than a fact about H.R. 748. The two sourced layers either side of it are unaffected: they are the government’s figures and the state’s own, and neither depends on a model.
3. The state’s own numbers
the rows the assessment was givenChoose a state above to see the measured profile the assessment reads from — its industry mix, its concentrations, and its energy consumption, each with its source and vintage.
Ask about this bill
Ask a question and Claude (an AI model) answers it from this page’s verified record only — the line items, disclosures and CBO estimate shown above. Answers are AI-generated at your request, are not this site’s editorial voice, and will say so when the record doesn’t cover your question. If an answer ever disagrees with a number on the page, the page is right.